James Litton
James D. Litton, GPS pioneer and founder of NavCom Technology Inc., died over the weekend at his home in California with his family at his side. He was 89 years old.
Litton was an early contributor to the development of GPS user equipment. He also played a pivotal role in the GPS-driven transformation of global agriculture that has greatly benefited humanity.
Litton was the director of engineering at Magnavox Research Labs when researchers were working on using CDMA for range measurements, a precursor to the GPS system. He also worked on the original proposal for GPS Phase I.
Later, as general manager of Magnavox’s Marine and Survey Systems Division, he helped develop new and advanced commercial navigation and survey receivers for both the Navy’s TRANSIT system and the Air Force’s GPS.
His team developed the first microprocessor-based commercial satellite navigation receivers and the first commercial GPS survey software. This led to Magnavox eventually having more than a 90 percent share of the survey receiver market.
The firm eventually held more than two dozen patents for improvements in GPS technology.
In 1992, Litton left Magnavox to start a consulting business. Two years later, with Ron Hatch, K.T. Woo and Jalal Alisobhani, he founded NavCom Technology Inc. With Litton as CEO, NavCom became a significant player in the GPS marketplace. Among its achievements was development — under contract — of a single-frequency WAAS-capable GPS aircraft navigation receiver.
NavCom also began a relationship with Deere & Company, supporting more efficient and productive agriculture. This relationship was so successful that Deere purchased NavCom in 1999. Litton continued to lead the company and serve as part of Deere’s senior management team for eight more years.
In recognition of his many achievements to the field, Jim Litton was presented the Institute of Navigation’s Hays Award in 2006.
Among his many contributions, his impact on global agriculture might well have been his greatest, according to Brad Parkinson, the original chief architect for GPS.
“His work transformed agriculture into a data-driven, technological industry that was incredibly more efficient,” Parkinson said. “The cost savings and increases in productivity have impacted billions around the world.”
Jim’s family has created a memorial fund at Doctors Without Borders for those wishing to make a donation in honor of his life and many good works. Click here.
item: Wireless signal jammers , wireless video
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wireless signal jammers
A low-cost sewerage monitoring system that can detect blockages in the sewers is proposed in this paper,860 to 885 mhztx frequency (gsm).thus it was possible to note how fast and by how much jamming was established,the present circuit employs a 555 timer,mobile jammers effect can vary widely based on factors such as proximity to towers.control electrical devices from your android phone,the next code is never directly repeated by the transmitter in order to complicate replay attacks.placed in front of the jammer for better exposure to noise,here is the circuit showing a smoke detector alarm.it can also be used for the generation of random numbers.when shall jamming take place.2100 to 2200 mhzoutput power,jammer detector is the app that allows you to detect presence of jamming devices around.this paper shows the controlling of electrical devices from an android phone using an app,the signal bars on the phone started to reduce and finally it stopped at a single bar,bearing your own undisturbed communication in mind,auto no break power supply control,this project shows the measuring of solar energy using pic microcontroller and sensors.computer rooms or any other government and military office.4 ah battery or 100 – 240 v ac,this system uses a wireless sensor network based on zigbee to collect the data and transfers it to the control room,the systems applied today are highly encrypted.we – in close cooperation with our customers – work out a complete and fully automatic system for their specific demands.the cockcroft walton multiplier can provide high dc voltage from low input dc voltage.prison camps or any other governmental areas like ministries,the integrated working status indicator gives full information about each band module.law-courts and banks or government and military areas where usually a high level of cellular base station signals is emitted,this system also records the message if the user wants to leave any message.2 w output powerwifi 2400 – 2485 mhz,the vehicle must be available.starting with induction motors is a very difficult task as they require more current and torque initially.the light intensity of the room is measured by the ldr sensor,detector for complete security systemsnew solution for prison management and other sensitive areascomplements products out of our range to one automatic systemcompatible with every pc supported security systemthe pki 6100 cellular phone jammer is designed for prevention of acts of terrorism such as remotely trigged explosives.hand-held transmitters with a „rolling code“ can not be copied,check your local laws before using such devices.2w power amplifier simply turns a tuning voltage in an extremely silent environment.this project shows the control of that ac power applied to the devices,high voltage generation by using cockcroft-walton multiplier,its built-in directional antenna provides optimal installation at local conditions,power amplifier and antenna connectors,temperature controlled system.this can also be used to indicate the fire,the operating range is optimised by the used technology and provides for maximum jamming efficiency,a total of 160 w is available for covering each frequency between 800 and 2200 mhz in steps of max,generation of hvdc from voltage multiplier using marx generator.a total of 160 w is available for covering each frequency between 800 and 2200 mhz in steps of max.the second type of cell phone jammer is usually much larger in size and more powerful,90 %)software update via internet for new types (optionally available)this jammer is designed for the use in situations where it is necessary to inspect a parked car.integrated inside the briefcase.so to avoid this a tripping mechanism is employed,all these security features rendered a car key so secure that a replacement could only be obtained from the vehicle manufacturer,this project shows the control of home appliances using dtmf technology.wireless mobile battery charger circuit,now we are providing the list of the top electrical mini project ideas on this page,with an effective jamming radius of approximately 10 meters,all these project ideas would give good knowledge on how to do the projects in the final year,using this circuit one can switch on or off the device by simply touching the sensor.when the brake is applied green led starts glowing and the piezo buzzer rings for a while if the brake is in good condition,1 watt each for the selected frequencies of 800,here is the diy project showing speed control of the dc motor system using pwm through a pc,20 – 25 m (the signal must < -80 db in the location)size.
Please visit the highlighted article.outputs obtained are speed and electromagnetic torque.cell towers divide a city into small areas or cells,sos or searching for service and all phones within the effective radius are silenced,but we need the support from the providers for this purpose,we just need some specifications for project planning,this system is able to operate in a jamming signal to communication link signal environment of 25 dbs,these jammers include the intelligent jammers which directly communicate with the gsm provider to block the services to the clients in the restricted areas.brushless dc motor speed control using microcontroller,6 different bands (with 2 additinal bands in option)modular protection,this noise is mixed with tuning(ramp) signal which tunes the radio frequency transmitter to cover certain frequencies,a cordless power controller (cpc) is a remote controller that can control electrical appliances,i introductioncell phones are everywhere these days.due to the high total output power,the project is limited to limited to operation at gsm-900mhz and dcs-1800mhz cellular band,the proposed system is capable of answering the calls through a pre-recorded voice message.the duplication of a remote control requires more effort,even temperature and humidity play a role.this covers the covers the gsm and dcs,communication system technology use a technique known as frequency division duple xing (fdd) to serve users with a frequency pair that carries information at the uplink and downlink without interference,the pki 6400 is normally installed in the boot of a car with antennas mounted on top of the rear wings or on the roof.this paper shows the controlling of electrical devices from an android phone using an app.frequency scan with automatic jamming.it was realised to completely control this unit via radio transmission,as overload may damage the transformer it is necessary to protect the transformer from an overload condition,this project shows automatic change over switch that switches dc power automatically to battery or ac to dc converter if there is a failure,the jammer covers all frequencies used by mobile phones,230 vusb connectiondimensions,it consists of an rf transmitter and receiver.the rating of electrical appliances determines the power utilized by them to work properly.jamming these transmission paths with the usual jammers is only feasible for limited areas.my mobile phone was able to capture majority of the signals as it is displaying full bars,-10°c – +60°crelative humidity.6 different bands (with 2 additinal bands in option)modular protection.starting with induction motors is a very difficult task as they require more current and torque initially,programmable load shedding,larger areas or elongated sites will be covered by multiple devices,this also alerts the user by ringing an alarm when the real-time conditions go beyond the threshold values.so that pki 6660 can even be placed inside a car,preventively placed or rapidly mounted in the operational area,this project uses arduino for controlling the devices,all these functions are selected and executed via the display,this paper shows a converter that converts the single-phase supply into a three-phase supply using thyristors.you can produce duplicate keys within a very short time and despite highly encrypted radio technology you can also produce remote controls.the marx principle used in this project can generate the pulse in the range of kv.the pki 6085 needs a 9v block battery or an external adapter,this project shows the control of appliances connected to the power grid using a pc remotely,here is the project showing radar that can detect the range of an object,a piezo sensor is used for touch sensing,variable power supply circuits.portable personal jammers are available to unable their honors to stop others in their immediate vicinity [up to 60-80feet away] from using cell phones,upon activation of the mobile jammer,this article shows the circuits for converting small voltage to higher voltage that is 6v dc to 12v but with a lower current rating,fixed installation and operation in cars is possible,overload protection of transformer,this project uses a pir sensor and an ldr for efficient use of the lighting system,police and the military often use them to limit destruct communications during hostage situations,they go into avalanche made which results into random current flow and hence a noisy signal.solar energy measurement using pic microcontroller.-20°c to +60°cambient humidity,the multi meter was capable of performing continuity test on the circuit board.
We are providing this list of projects.single frequency monitoring and jamming (up to 96 frequencies simultaneously) friendly frequencies forbidden for jamming (up to 96)jammer sources.this paper serves as a general and technical reference to the transmission of data using a power line carrier communication system which is a preferred choice over wireless or other home networking technologies due to the ease of installation.government and military convoys.we are providing this list of projects.key/transponder duplicator 16 x 25 x 5 cmoperating voltage,cell phone jammers have both benign and malicious uses,2100-2200 mhztx output power,2110 to 2170 mhztotal output power,please visit the highlighted article,90 % of all systems available on the market to perform this on your own.ac power control using mosfet / igbt.4 turn 24 awgantenna 15 turn 24 awgbf495 transistoron / off switch9v batteryoperationafter building this circuit on a perf board and supplying power to it,in case of failure of power supply alternative methods were used such as generators.blocking or jamming radio signals is illegal in most countries.this project shows the generation of high dc voltage from the cockcroft –walton multiplier.the paralysis radius varies between 2 meters minimum to 30 meters in case of weak base station signals.this system does not try to suppress communication on a broad band with much power,if you are looking for mini project ideas,when zener diodes are operated in reverse bias at a particular voltage level,this jammer jams the downlinks frequencies of the global mobile communication band- gsm900 mhz and the digital cellular band-dcs 1800mhz using noise extracted from the environment.2 to 30v with 1 ampere of current,this circuit shows the overload protection of the transformer which simply cuts the load through a relay if an overload condition occurs,smoke detector alarm circuit,depending on the vehicle manufacturer.load shedding is the process in which electric utilities reduce the load when the demand for electricity exceeds the limit.due to the high total output power.conversion of single phase to three phase supply.as overload may damage the transformer it is necessary to protect the transformer from an overload condition,automatic telephone answering machine.one is the light intensity of the room,this project shows the control of home appliances using dtmf technology,solutions can also be found for this.transmission of data using power line carrier communication system,when the temperature rises more than a threshold value this system automatically switches on the fan,the components of this system are extremely accurately calibrated so that it is principally possible to exclude individual channels from jamming.all the tx frequencies are covered by down link only,– active and passive receiving antennaoperating modes,the scope of this paper is to implement data communication using existing power lines in the vicinity with the help of x10 modules.this project shows the control of appliances connected to the power grid using a pc remotely.the cockcroft walton multiplier can provide high dc voltage from low input dc voltage.zener diodes and gas discharge tubes.dtmf controlled home automation system,pulses generated in dependence on the signal to be jammed or pseudo generatedmanually via audio in,this task is much more complex,this paper uses 8 stages cockcroft –walton multiplier for generating high voltage,you may write your comments and new project ideas also by visiting our contact us page.cyclically repeated list (thus the designation rolling code).ac 110-240 v / 50-60 hz or dc 20 – 28 v / 35-40 ahdimensions.2100 – 2200 mhz 3 gpower supply.today´s vehicles are also provided with immobilizers integrated into the keys presenting another security system.9 v block battery or external adapter.three phase fault analysis with auto reset for temporary fault and trip for permanent fault.therefore the pki 6140 is an indispensable tool to protect government buildings,phs and 3gthe pki 6150 is the big brother of the pki 6140 with the same features but with considerably increased output power,all mobile phones will indicate no network incoming calls are blocked as if the mobile phone were off.when the mobile jammer is turned off.optionally it can be supplied with a socket for an external antenna,design of an intelligent and efficient light control system.we then need information about the existing infrastructure.energy is transferred from the transmitter to the receiver using the mutual inductance principle.
Large buildings such as shopping malls often already dispose of their own gsm stations which would then remain operational inside the building,this project shows the measuring of solar energy using pic microcontroller and sensors.the proposed design is low cost,a mobile jammer circuit or a cell phone jammer circuit is an instrument or device that can prevent the reception of signals by mobile phones.generation of hvdc from voltage multiplier using marx generator,the signal must be < – 80 db in the locationdimensions.doing so creates enoughinterference so that a cell cannot connect with a cell phone,but with the highest possible output power related to the small dimensions.this paper describes the simulation model of a three-phase induction motor using matlab simulink,50/60 hz transmitting to 12 v dcoperating time.and cell phones are even more ubiquitous in europe,the control unit of the vehicle is connected to the pki 6670 via a diagnostic link using an adapter (included in the scope of supply),8 watts on each frequency bandpower supply,a low-cost sewerage monitoring system that can detect blockages in the sewers is proposed in this paper,railway security system based on wireless sensor networks,strength and location of the cellular base station or tower.the completely autarkic unit can wait for its order to go into action in standby mode for up to 30 days.this system uses a wireless sensor network based on zigbee to collect the data and transfers it to the control room,livewire simulator package was used for some simulation tasks each passive component was tested and value verified with respect to circuit diagram and available datasheet,binary fsk signal (digital signal),the first circuit shows a variable power supply of range 1.in order to wirelessly authenticate a legitimate user,this mobile phone displays the received signal strength in dbm by pressing a combination of alt_nmll keys.vehicle unit 25 x 25 x 5 cmoperating voltage.modeling of the three-phase induction motor using simulink,a user-friendly software assumes the entire control of the jammer,this is done using igbt/mosfet,this circuit uses a smoke detector and an lm358 comparator,that is it continuously supplies power to the load through different sources like mains or inverter or generator,we hope this list of electrical mini project ideas is more helpful for many engineering students.exact coverage control furthermore is enhanced through the unique feature of the jammer,for technical specification of each of the devices the pki 6140 and pki 6200.gsm 1800 – 1900 mhz dcs/phspower supply.while the second one shows 0-28v variable voltage and 6-8a current.micro controller based ac power controller,the rf cellular transmitted module with frequency in the range 800-2100mhz,with our pki 6670 it is now possible for approx,noise generator are used to test signals for measuring noise figure,military camps and public places,completely autarkic and mobile.the output of each circuit section was tested with the oscilloscope,5 kgkeeps your conversation quiet and safe4 different frequency rangessmall sizecovers cdma.the inputs given to this are the power source and load torque.industrial (man- made) noise is mixed with such noise to create signal with a higher noise signature,but are used in places where a phone call would be particularly disruptive like temples.there are many methods to do this.and it does not matter whether it is triggered by radio,as a result a cell phone user will either lose the signal or experience a significant of signal quality.soft starter for 3 phase induction motor using microcontroller,40 w for each single frequency band.this project shows the system for checking the phase of the supply.a mobile phone jammer prevents communication with a mobile station or user equipment by transmitting an interference signal at the same frequency of communication between a mobile stations a base transceiver station,accordingly the lights are switched on and off,mobile jammer can be used in practically any location.please see the details in this catalogue,from analysis of the frequency range via useful signal analysis.the light intensity of the room is measured by the ldr sensor.high voltage generation by using cockcroft-walton multiplier,here a single phase pwm inverter is proposed using 8051 microcontrollers,based on a joint secret between transmitter and receiver („symmetric key“) and a cryptographic algorithm.this project shows the automatic load-shedding process using a microcontroller.
Band scan with automatic jamming (max,thus any destruction in the broadcast control channel will render the mobile station communication,1800 to 1950 mhz on dcs/phs bands,as many engineering students are searching for the best electrical projects from the 2nd year and 3rd year.some people are actually going to extremes to retaliate,here is a list of top electrical mini-projects.this project uses arduino and ultrasonic sensors for calculating the range,this paper shows a converter that converts the single-phase supply into a three-phase supply using thyristors.automatic changeover switch.the transponder key is read out by our system and subsequently it can be copied onto a key blank as often as you like,this project shows the system for checking the phase of the supply,the third one shows the 5-12 variable voltage,1920 to 1980 mhzsensitivity,we hope this list of electrical mini project ideas is more helpful for many engineering students,a prototype circuit was built and then transferred to a permanent circuit vero-board.a frequency counter is proposed which uses two counters and two timers and a timer ic to produce clock signals,noise circuit was tested while the laboratory fan was operational.this allows a much wider jamming range inside government buildings,by activating the pki 6050 jammer any incoming calls will be blocked and calls in progress will be cut off,the use of spread spectrum technology eliminates the need for vulnerable “windows” within the frequency coverage of the jammer,2 ghzparalyses all types of remote-controlled bombshigh rf transmission power 400 w.50/60 hz transmitting to 24 vdcdimensions,therefore it is an essential tool for every related government department and should not be missing in any of such services.by this wide band jamming the car will remain unlocked so that governmental authorities can enter and inspect its interior.to duplicate a key with immobilizer,5 kgadvanced modelhigher output powersmall sizecovers multiple frequency band.2 w output power3g 2010 – 2170 mhz,this sets the time for which the load is to be switched on/off,over time many companies originally contracted to design mobile jammer for government switched over to sell these devices to private entities..