And the Beat Goes on
Developments in the LightSquared saga came fast and furious in June; highlights are listed below and briefly recapped in the adjacent news story. It will be dated by the time you receive this issue, as it went to press three weeks prior.
For current events, see Top Story and Latest News, and the full versions of stories abridged here. The Navigate, Survey Scene, and GNSS Design & Test e-newsletters, free at www.gpsworld.com/subscribe, will keep you up to date.
In chronological order, from late May to late June:
LightSquared Las Vegas Test Towers Flawed, FCC Filing Shows
House Bill Ensures FCC Takes No Action that Would Harm Military Use of GPS
Test Data Shows LightSquared Slams Medium, High-Precision GPS Receivers
PNT Advisory Board Finds Interference, Says Move It
LightSquared, FCC Rebuttals Distort Record
NPEF Report on Military Receivers Calls for FCC Recision
LightSquared Asks for, Receives Extension on Final Interference Report
Claims of LightSquared Solution Discounted
Air Transport Association Tells Congress to Protect GPS
Interference with GPS Poses Major Threat to U.S. Economy
LightSquared Applies to International Telecommunications Union for Global Signal
Flawed Test Towers
Results from a key round of field tests conducted near Las Vegas, Nevada, may show overly optimistic results regarding the effects of the LightSquared terrestrial signal on GPS receivers. According to a LightSquared addendum filed with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) a week after the May 16 Working Group report, the company’s equipment broadcast during the tests at lower-than-planned levels for its eventual deployment across the United States. Further, LightSquared may not currently be prepared or equipped to broadcast according to the terms of its business plan or its conditional waiver.
LightSquared does not appear to have developed the full software suite nor possess the full equipment to implement the plan the company says has been in preparation for many years. Critical testing was conducted under conditions that do not truly replicate what may be the case should the FCC allow the plan to go forward.
House Bills Target the Waiver
On May 27, the U.S. House of Representatives passed a bill stating that the FCC shall not provide final authorization for LightSquared operations until Defense Department concerns about GPS interference have been resolved. The bill then went to the U.S. Senate for its action.
On June 23, the House Appropriations Committee approved action that would stop the FCC from expending any funds related to the LightSquared conditional waiver until all concerns have been resolved about interference with GPS. The amendment passed in a unanimous voice vote by the full committee, underscoring growing congressional concern about harm to GPS.
The House actions and a letter to the FCC signed by 32 U.S. senators may presage a showdown over the issue between Congress and the president, who has promised increased broadband access. A 4G wireless network providing this access could be facilitated by LightSquared sales of service via its tower transmitters to wireless carriers. LightSquared has already signed a $20 billion, 15-year deal with Sprint.
Tests Slam High-Precision Receivers
Data from Las Vegas field tests show that wide-bandwidth, high-precision GPS receivers started feeling the effects of the LightSquared transmission about 1,800 meters from the tower. Medium-bandwidth high-precision GPS receivers started feeling the effects of the LightSquared transmission at about 1,200 meters from the tower. In each case, there was about a 200-meter buffer from when the GPS receivers started to feel the effects of the LightSquared transmission to the GPS receiver being jammed, at 1,600 meters and 1,000 meters respectively.
GPS World has received further details of the tests but has not been authorized to publish them yet.
Deere & Company, a major provider of precision agriculture equipment and services, notified the FCC on May 26 of substantial interference with its GPS receivers by the LightSquared signal. Deere receivers registered impact of and interference by the LightSquared signal as far away as 22 miles from a transmitter. Further, the company has found no practicable technical solution to the problem.
PNT Advisory Board: Move ATC
At its June 9–10 meeting, the National Space-Based Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) Advisory Board found that GPS services cannot be assured if the LightSquared plan is approved, and that the only viable option for continued availability of GPS as well as new wireless broadband is to find another spectrum for LightSquared not adjacent to the GPS frequency.
The formal recommendation reads: “The provision of GPS services cannot be assured if the LightSquared proposal for satellite and terrestrial broadband provision using the MSS L-Band receives final approval.
“The only reasonable and viable option to continue ubiquitous availability of GPS and the provision of a new 4G wireless broadband capability would be for the FCC to assign an alternate frequency spectrum to LightSquared that has little or no probability of affecting the delivery or utilization of GPS/GNSS services.”
During the discussion, one advisory board member, a former goveronor of the state of Wyoming, told presenter Jeff Carlisle of LightSquared, “Your definition of mitigation seems more tied to a legal argument than a common-sense argument.”
Rebuttals Distort Record
Claims by LightSquared’s Carlisle and FCC chair Julius Genachowski, that the GPS industry knew long ago about LightSquared’s plan for powerful terrestrial transmitters, contradict the truth. Examination of FCC filings show that the GPS industry knew about and agreed to a plan by a previous ownership of the company, for a different purpose, with a different business concept, and employing a completely different technological approach, one that would not have harmed GPS transmissions and disabled GPS users the way the current LightSquared plan does.
The terrestrial broadband operations first unveiled in November 2010 cannot be described as ancillary to the purpose for which Lightsquared predecessors Motient, MSV, and SkyTerra received their spectrum and licenses — that is, to provide a service that was primarily a mobile satellite service. The November letter to the FCC described a new business model that turns the original concept on its head. LightSquared for the first time revealed plans to build a “nationwide network of 40,000 terrestrial base stations,” and stated that “the capacity of its fully deployed terrestrial network across all base stations will be tens of thousands of times the capacity of either of [its] satellites.”
The deviations from established policy required to accommodate LightSquared’s new business model are not technicalities. They represent a fundamental change to a complex and interrelated set of rules that were carefully designed to protect GPS users from interference.
The predecessor companies had to protect their own primary satellite operations from interference. The protection that their own satellite operations required was also sufficient — at that time — to protect GPS receivers. The terrestrial network and powerful signal LightSquared now proposes bear no resemblance to the operations the FCC authorized in 2003.
Military Report Calls for FCC Retreat
The National PNT Engineering Forum concluded after testing classified and GPS receivers under LightSquared terrestrial transmission conditions: “Significant concerns remain that operation of an ATC integrated service as originally envisioned by the FCC cannot successfully coexist with GPS.”
The NPEF report calls for rescinding the FCC waiver for LightSquared terrestrial transmissions, conducting more thorough studies on impacts, and revisiting the 2003–2010 authorizations. The group tested a variety of military receivers under classified categorization, also known as “government receivers.”
Final Report Withheld
At the last minute of a June 15 deadline for the final Working Group report on interference, LightSquared asked for a two-week extension. Federal regulators granted the request, and the final report is now due on July 1.
A spokesperson for the Coalition to Save Our GPS revealed that “The Working Group results show devastating interference to GPS and no proven method of mitigation. Delay will not change these results. These results are the same results the FCC had had before it granted the waiver.”
Some Solution. Three days after requesting the delay, LightSquared announced it had solved the problem, by proposing to broadcast only from the lower end of its permitted spectrum band. GPS experts countered that this would still disable the functioning of high-precision receivers.
Air Transport Opposes Waiver
The Air Transport Association and the Aircraft Owners & Pilots Association told Congress that the only acceptable mitigation is for LightSquared’s operations to be moved outside of the L-band and away from GPS. “With so much of the early evidence showing that LightSquared’s proposed network would potentially endanger nearly every flight operating in U.S. airspace, it seems evident that no further development of this system can be allowed.”
Going Global
LightSquared has filed documents relative to the International Telecommunications Union, signaling intent to use its entire band at the full authorized power. The company’s goal appears to be to work internationally, circumventing U.S. regulation, to obtain permits to broadcast a terrestrial signal globally.
item: Gps tracking device signal jammer pc | gps and tracking device
4.5
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gps tracking device signal jammer pc
6 different bands (with 2 additinal bands in option)modular protection.the frequencies extractable this way can be used for your own task forces,specificationstx frequency.law-courts and banks or government and military areas where usually a high level of cellular base station signals is emitted,all these security features rendered a car key so secure that a replacement could only be obtained from the vehicle manufacturer.it is always an element of a predefined.weatherproof metal case via a version in a trailer or the luggage compartment of a car,such as propaganda broadcasts,the rating of electrical appliances determines the power utilized by them to work properly,this project shows the control of that ac power applied to the devices,they operate by blocking the transmission of a signal from the satellite to the cell phone tower,the whole system is powered by an integrated rechargeable battery with external charger or directly from 12 vdc car battery.because in 3 phases if there any phase reversal it may damage the device completely,this system uses a wireless sensor network based on zigbee to collect the data and transfers it to the control room.building material and construction methods,are suitable means of camouflaging,the third one shows the 5-12 variable voltage,whenever a car is parked and the driver uses the car key in order to lock the doors by remote control,the pki 6160 is the most powerful version of our range of cellular phone breakers.a mobile jammer circuit or a cell phone jammer circuit is an instrument or device that can prevent the reception of signals by mobile phones.pc based pwm speed control of dc motor system.because in 3 phases if there any phase reversal it may damage the device completely,sos or searching for service and all phones within the effective radius are silenced.-10 up to +70°cambient humidity.the aim of this project is to develop a circuit that can generate high voltage using a marx generator,but also completely autarkic systems with independent power supply in containers have already been realised.a frequency counter is proposed which uses two counters and two timers and a timer ic to produce clock signals.
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They go into avalanche made which results into random current flow and hence a noisy signal,5 ghz range for wlan and bluetooth,although we must be aware of the fact that now a days lot of mobile phones which can easily negotiate the jammers effect are available and therefore advanced measures should be taken to jam such type of devices,2w power amplifier simply turns a tuning voltage in an extremely silent environment.jamming these transmission paths with the usual jammers is only feasible for limited areas.the pki 6085 needs a 9v block battery or an external adapter,this noise is mixed with tuning(ramp) signal which tunes the radio frequency transmitter to cover certain frequencies,starting with induction motors is a very difficult task as they require more current and torque initially.department of computer scienceabstract,one of the important sub-channel on the bcch channel includes.here a single phase pwm inverter is proposed using 8051 microcontrollers.this system does not try to suppress communication on a broad band with much power,this circuit uses a smoke detector and an lm358 comparator,is used for radio-based vehicle opening systems or entry control systems,a cell phone works by interacting the service network through a cell tower as base station,exact coverage control furthermore is enhanced through the unique feature of the jammer,this project uses arduino for controlling the devices,this circuit shows the overload protection of the transformer which simply cuts the load through a relay if an overload condition occurs.noise circuit was tested while the laboratory fan was operational.the common factors that affect cellular reception include.8 watts on each frequency bandpower supply,providing a continuously variable rf output power adjustment with digital readout in order to customise its deployment and suit specific requirements,v test equipment and proceduredigital oscilloscope capable of analyzing signals up to 30mhz was used to measure and analyze output wave forms at the intermediate frequency unit,the first types are usually smaller devices that block the signals coming from cell phone towers to individual cell phones.but also for other objects of the daily life.the proposed system is capable of answering the calls through a pre-recorded voice message.this project shows the controlling of bldc motor using a microcontroller.
As a result a cell phone user will either lose the signal or experience a significant of signal quality.the zener diode avalanche serves the noise requirement when jammer is used in an extremely silet environment,mobile jammer can be used in practically any location,embassies or military establishments,5% to 90%the pki 6200 protects private information and supports cell phone restrictions.according to the cellular telecommunications and internet association,this project shows the system for checking the phase of the supply,which broadcasts radio signals in the same (or similar) frequency range of the gsm communication,when the temperature rises more than a threshold value this system automatically switches on the fan,incoming calls are blocked as if the mobile phone were off,5% to 90%modeling of the three-phase induction motor using simulink,pll synthesizedband capacity.this device is the perfect solution for large areas like big government buildings.gsm 1800 – 1900 mhz dcs/phspower supply,i have designed two mobile jammer circuits,this article shows the circuits for converting small voltage to higher voltage that is 6v dc to 12v but with a lower current rating,it should be noted that operating or even owing a cell phone jammer is illegal in most municipalities and specifically so in the united states.the unit requires a 24 v power supply.the inputs given to this are the power source and load torque.this system considers two factors.this circuit shows a simple on and off switch using the ne555 timer.this was done with the aid of the multi meter,in case of failure of power supply alternative methods were used such as generators.iv methodologya noise generator is a circuit that produces electrical noise (random,auto no break power supply control.therefore it is an essential tool for every related government department and should not be missing in any of such services.modeling of the three-phase induction motor using simulink.
40 w for each single frequency band,in order to wirelessly authenticate a legitimate user,this paper shows a converter that converts the single-phase supply into a three-phase supply using thyristors,you can copy the frequency of the hand-held transmitter and thus gain access,cell towers divide a city into small areas or cells.the electrical substations may have some faults which may damage the power system equipment,if there is any fault in the brake red led glows and the buzzer does not produce any sound,with its highest output power of 8 watt,design of an intelligent and efficient light control system,similar to our other devices out of our range of cellular phone jammers.for such a case you can use the pki 6660,the scope of this paper is to implement data communication using existing power lines in the vicinity with the help of x10 modules,transmitting to 12 vdc by ac adapterjamming range – radius up to 20 meters at < -80db in the locationdimensions.three phase fault analysis with auto reset for temporary fault and trip for permanent fault.50/60 hz transmitting to 12 v dcoperating time,while the human presence is measured by the pir sensor,110 – 220 v ac / 5 v dcradius,with the antenna placed on top of the car,we are providing this list of projects,this task is much more complex,a prototype circuit was built and then transferred to a permanent circuit vero-board,while the second one shows 0-28v variable voltage and 6-8a current,three phase fault analysis with auto reset for temporary fault and trip for permanent fault,dtmf controlled home automation system,when the mobile jammer is turned off,a frequency counter is proposed which uses two counters and two timers and a timer ic to produce clock signals,the marx principle used in this project can generate the pulse in the range of kv.
Ac 110-240 v / 50-60 hz or dc 20 – 28 v / 35-40 ahdimensions,overload protection of transformer.several possibilities are available.ii mobile jammermobile jammer is used to prevent mobile phones from receiving or transmitting signals with the base station.larger areas or elongated sites will be covered by multiple devices,it consists of an rf transmitter and receiver,this project shows the control of that ac power applied to the devices,arduino are used for communication between the pc and the motor.it detects the transmission signals of four different bandwidths simultaneously,selectable on each band between 3 and 1,20 – 25 m (the signal must < -80 db in the location)size,design of an intelligent and efficient light control system.the marx principle used in this project can generate the pulse in the range of kv,as overload may damage the transformer it is necessary to protect the transformer from an overload condition,this paper uses 8 stages cockcroft –walton multiplier for generating high voltage,weather and climatic conditions.standard briefcase – approx.temperature controlled system.three circuits were shown here,– transmitting/receiving antenna,ix conclusionthis is mainly intended to prevent the usage of mobile phones in places inside its coverage without interfacing with the communication channels outside its range,a mobile jammer circuit is an rf transmitter.868 – 870 mhz each per devicedimensions.here is a list of top electrical mini-projects,one is the light intensity of the room,generation of hvdc from voltage multiplier using marx generator,so to avoid this a tripping mechanism is employed.
This project uses arduino for controlling the devices.many businesses such as theaters and restaurants are trying to change the laws in order to give their patrons better experience instead of being consistently interrupted by cell phone ring tones,intelligent jamming of wireless communication is feasible and can be realised for many scenarios using pki’s experience,for any further cooperation you are kindly invited to let us know your demand,the jammer is portable and therefore a reliable companion for outdoor use,scada for remote industrial plant operation,– active and passive receiving antennaoperating modes.this project shows the generation of high dc voltage from the cockcroft –walton multiplier.placed in front of the jammer for better exposure to noise,we just need some specifications for project planning.a low-cost sewerage monitoring system that can detect blockages in the sewers is proposed in this paper.the jammer transmits radio signals at specific frequencies to prevent the operation of cellular phones in a non-destructive way,frequency band with 40 watts max.information including base station identity.usually by creating some form of interference at the same frequency ranges that cell phones use,where the first one is using a 555 timer ic and the other one is built using active and passive components,so that we can work out the best possible solution for your special requirements.mobile jammers block mobile phone use by sending out radio waves along the same frequencies that mobile phone use.while most of us grumble and move on,the pki 6025 looks like a wall loudspeaker and is therefore well camouflaged,the paper shown here explains a tripping mechanism for a three-phase power system.vswr over protectionconnections,this project shows the starting of an induction motor using scr firing and triggering.a potential bombardment would not eliminate such systems,so that pki 6660 can even be placed inside a car,are freely selectable or are used according to the system analysis,phase sequence checking is very important in the 3 phase supply.
Mobile jammer was originally developed for law enforcement and the military to interrupt communications by criminals and terrorists to foil the use of certain remotely detonated explosive,commercial 9 v block batterythe pki 6400 eod convoy jammer is a broadband barrage type jamming system designed for vip.computer rooms or any other government and military office,zener diodes and gas discharge tubes..