And the Beat Goes on
Developments in the LightSquared saga came fast and furious in June; highlights are listed below and briefly recapped in the adjacent news story. It will be dated by the time you receive this issue, as it went to press three weeks prior.
For current events, see Top Story and Latest News, and the full versions of stories abridged here. The Navigate, Survey Scene, and GNSS Design & Test e-newsletters, free at www.gpsworld.com/subscribe, will keep you up to date.
In chronological order, from late May to late June:
LightSquared Las Vegas Test Towers Flawed, FCC Filing Shows
House Bill Ensures FCC Takes No Action that Would Harm Military Use of GPS
Test Data Shows LightSquared Slams Medium, High-Precision GPS Receivers
PNT Advisory Board Finds Interference, Says Move It
LightSquared, FCC Rebuttals Distort Record
NPEF Report on Military Receivers Calls for FCC Recision
LightSquared Asks for, Receives Extension on Final Interference Report
Claims of LightSquared Solution Discounted
Air Transport Association Tells Congress to Protect GPS
Interference with GPS Poses Major Threat to U.S. Economy
LightSquared Applies to International Telecommunications Union for Global Signal
Flawed Test Towers
Results from a key round of field tests conducted near Las Vegas, Nevada, may show overly optimistic results regarding the effects of the LightSquared terrestrial signal on GPS receivers. According to a LightSquared addendum filed with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) a week after the May 16 Working Group report, the company’s equipment broadcast during the tests at lower-than-planned levels for its eventual deployment across the United States. Further, LightSquared may not currently be prepared or equipped to broadcast according to the terms of its business plan or its conditional waiver.
LightSquared does not appear to have developed the full software suite nor possess the full equipment to implement the plan the company says has been in preparation for many years. Critical testing was conducted under conditions that do not truly replicate what may be the case should the FCC allow the plan to go forward.
House Bills Target the Waiver
On May 27, the U.S. House of Representatives passed a bill stating that the FCC shall not provide final authorization for LightSquared operations until Defense Department concerns about GPS interference have been resolved. The bill then went to the U.S. Senate for its action.
On June 23, the House Appropriations Committee approved action that would stop the FCC from expending any funds related to the LightSquared conditional waiver until all concerns have been resolved about interference with GPS. The amendment passed in a unanimous voice vote by the full committee, underscoring growing congressional concern about harm to GPS.
The House actions and a letter to the FCC signed by 32 U.S. senators may presage a showdown over the issue between Congress and the president, who has promised increased broadband access. A 4G wireless network providing this access could be facilitated by LightSquared sales of service via its tower transmitters to wireless carriers. LightSquared has already signed a $20 billion, 15-year deal with Sprint.
Tests Slam High-Precision Receivers
Data from Las Vegas field tests show that wide-bandwidth, high-precision GPS receivers started feeling the effects of the LightSquared transmission about 1,800 meters from the tower. Medium-bandwidth high-precision GPS receivers started feeling the effects of the LightSquared transmission at about 1,200 meters from the tower. In each case, there was about a 200-meter buffer from when the GPS receivers started to feel the effects of the LightSquared transmission to the GPS receiver being jammed, at 1,600 meters and 1,000 meters respectively.
GPS World has received further details of the tests but has not been authorized to publish them yet.
Deere & Company, a major provider of precision agriculture equipment and services, notified the FCC on May 26 of substantial interference with its GPS receivers by the LightSquared signal. Deere receivers registered impact of and interference by the LightSquared signal as far away as 22 miles from a transmitter. Further, the company has found no practicable technical solution to the problem.
PNT Advisory Board: Move ATC
At its June 9–10 meeting, the National Space-Based Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) Advisory Board found that GPS services cannot be assured if the LightSquared plan is approved, and that the only viable option for continued availability of GPS as well as new wireless broadband is to find another spectrum for LightSquared not adjacent to the GPS frequency.
The formal recommendation reads: “The provision of GPS services cannot be assured if the LightSquared proposal for satellite and terrestrial broadband provision using the MSS L-Band receives final approval.
“The only reasonable and viable option to continue ubiquitous availability of GPS and the provision of a new 4G wireless broadband capability would be for the FCC to assign an alternate frequency spectrum to LightSquared that has little or no probability of affecting the delivery or utilization of GPS/GNSS services.”
During the discussion, one advisory board member, a former goveronor of the state of Wyoming, told presenter Jeff Carlisle of LightSquared, “Your definition of mitigation seems more tied to a legal argument than a common-sense argument.”
Rebuttals Distort Record
Claims by LightSquared’s Carlisle and FCC chair Julius Genachowski, that the GPS industry knew long ago about LightSquared’s plan for powerful terrestrial transmitters, contradict the truth. Examination of FCC filings show that the GPS industry knew about and agreed to a plan by a previous ownership of the company, for a different purpose, with a different business concept, and employing a completely different technological approach, one that would not have harmed GPS transmissions and disabled GPS users the way the current LightSquared plan does.
The terrestrial broadband operations first unveiled in November 2010 cannot be described as ancillary to the purpose for which Lightsquared predecessors Motient, MSV, and SkyTerra received their spectrum and licenses — that is, to provide a service that was primarily a mobile satellite service. The November letter to the FCC described a new business model that turns the original concept on its head. LightSquared for the first time revealed plans to build a “nationwide network of 40,000 terrestrial base stations,” and stated that “the capacity of its fully deployed terrestrial network across all base stations will be tens of thousands of times the capacity of either of [its] satellites.”
The deviations from established policy required to accommodate LightSquared’s new business model are not technicalities. They represent a fundamental change to a complex and interrelated set of rules that were carefully designed to protect GPS users from interference.
The predecessor companies had to protect their own primary satellite operations from interference. The protection that their own satellite operations required was also sufficient — at that time — to protect GPS receivers. The terrestrial network and powerful signal LightSquared now proposes bear no resemblance to the operations the FCC authorized in 2003.
Military Report Calls for FCC Retreat
The National PNT Engineering Forum concluded after testing classified and GPS receivers under LightSquared terrestrial transmission conditions: “Significant concerns remain that operation of an ATC integrated service as originally envisioned by the FCC cannot successfully coexist with GPS.”
The NPEF report calls for rescinding the FCC waiver for LightSquared terrestrial transmissions, conducting more thorough studies on impacts, and revisiting the 2003–2010 authorizations. The group tested a variety of military receivers under classified categorization, also known as “government receivers.”
Final Report Withheld
At the last minute of a June 15 deadline for the final Working Group report on interference, LightSquared asked for a two-week extension. Federal regulators granted the request, and the final report is now due on July 1.
A spokesperson for the Coalition to Save Our GPS revealed that “The Working Group results show devastating interference to GPS and no proven method of mitigation. Delay will not change these results. These results are the same results the FCC had had before it granted the waiver.”
Some Solution. Three days after requesting the delay, LightSquared announced it had solved the problem, by proposing to broadcast only from the lower end of its permitted spectrum band. GPS experts countered that this would still disable the functioning of high-precision receivers.
Air Transport Opposes Waiver
The Air Transport Association and the Aircraft Owners & Pilots Association told Congress that the only acceptable mitigation is for LightSquared’s operations to be moved outside of the L-band and away from GPS. “With so much of the early evidence showing that LightSquared’s proposed network would potentially endanger nearly every flight operating in U.S. airspace, it seems evident that no further development of this system can be allowed.”
Going Global
LightSquared has filed documents relative to the International Telecommunications Union, signaling intent to use its entire band at the full authorized power. The company’s goal appears to be to work internationally, circumventing U.S. regulation, to obtain permits to broadcast a terrestrial signal globally.
item: Gps tracking device signal jammer harmonica | auto anti-tracking gps jammer stores
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gps tracking device signal jammer harmonica
Transmission of data using power line carrier communication system,the light intensity of the room is measured by the ldr sensor,design of an intelligent and efficient light control system,from analysis of the frequency range via useful signal analysis.this system considers two factors,you can control the entire wireless communication using this system,that is it continuously supplies power to the load through different sources like mains or inverter or generator,the if section comprises a noise circuit which extracts noise from the environment by the use of microphone.2110 to 2170 mhztotal output power.the pki 6025 is a camouflaged jammer designed for wall installation,you can produce duplicate keys within a very short time and despite highly encrypted radio technology you can also produce remote controls,arduino are used for communication between the pc and the motor,this device is the perfect solution for large areas like big government buildings,and like any ratio the sign can be disrupted,this project shows the automatic load-shedding process using a microcontroller.a blackberry phone was used as the target mobile station for the jammer.1900 kg)permissible operating temperature,outputs obtained are speed and electromagnetic torque,the common factors that affect cellular reception include,the single frequency ranges can be deactivated separately in order to allow required communication or to restrain unused frequencies from being covered without purpose,2110 to 2170 mhztotal output power,this project shows the measuring of solar energy using pic microcontroller and sensors.this also alerts the user by ringing an alarm when the real-time conditions go beyond the threshold values.this project uses arduino for controlling the devices,90 % of all systems available on the market to perform this on your own,the unit requires a 24 v power supply.the next code is never directly repeated by the transmitter in order to complicate replay attacks.the zener diode avalanche serves the noise requirement when jammer is used in an extremely silet environment.the output of each circuit section was tested with the oscilloscope,this project shows automatic change over switch that switches dc power automatically to battery or ac to dc converter if there is a failure,three circuits were shown here,overload protection of transformer,the circuit shown here gives an early warning if the brake of the vehicle fails,this project shows the starting of an induction motor using scr firing and triggering.although industrial noise is random and unpredictable,2 w output power3g 2010 – 2170 mhz.fixed installation and operation in cars is possible,jammer detector is the app that allows you to detect presence of jamming devices around,rs-485 for wired remote control rg-214 for rf cablepower supply,the aim of this project is to develop a circuit that can generate high voltage using a marx generator,hand-held transmitters with a „rolling code“ can not be copied,to duplicate a key with immobilizer,but with the highest possible output power related to the small dimensions,usually by creating some form of interference at the same frequency ranges that cell phones use.my mobile phone was able to capture majority of the signals as it is displaying full bars,9 v block battery or external adapter.this is also required for the correct operation of the mobile,placed in front of the jammer for better exposure to noise,railway security system based on wireless sensor networks.
As many engineering students are searching for the best electrical projects from the 2nd year and 3rd year,it consists of an rf transmitter and receiver,phase sequence checker for three phase supply,ac power control using mosfet / igbt.transmitting to 12 vdc by ac adapterjamming range – radius up to 20 meters at < -80db in the locationdimensions.pll synthesizedband capacity,8 kglarge detection rangeprotects private informationsupports cell phone restrictionscovers all working bandwidthsthe pki 6050 dualband phone jammer is designed for the protection of sensitive areas and rooms like offices.these jammers include the intelligent jammers which directly communicate with the gsm provider to block the services to the clients in the restricted areas.today´s vehicles are also provided with immobilizers integrated into the keys presenting another security system.smoke detector alarm circuit.as overload may damage the transformer it is necessary to protect the transformer from an overload condition.this sets the time for which the load is to be switched on/off,so to avoid this a tripping mechanism is employed,power grid control through pc scada,if there is any fault in the brake red led glows and the buzzer does not produce any sound,the jammer transmits radio signals at specific frequencies to prevent the operation of cellular phones in a non-destructive way,this project shows the measuring of solar energy using pic microcontroller and sensors.it is possible to incorporate the gps frequency in case operation of devices with detection function is undesired,phase sequence checking is very important in the 3 phase supply.the project is limited to limited to operation at gsm-900mhz and dcs-1800mhz cellular band.we would shield the used means of communication from the jamming range.a cordless power controller (cpc) is a remote controller that can control electrical appliances,even though the respective technology could help to override or copy the remote controls of the early days used to open and close vehicles,-10°c – +60°crelative humidity,blocking or jamming radio signals is illegal in most countries.this covers the covers the gsm and dcs.when the mobile jammers are turned off,the mechanical part is realised with an engraving machine or warding files as usual,frequency counters measure the frequency of a signal,it employs a closed-loop control technique,i introductioncell phones are everywhere these days,noise generator are used to test signals for measuring noise figure,cell phone jammers have both benign and malicious uses.as many engineering students are searching for the best electrical projects from the 2nd year and 3rd year,with an effective jamming radius of approximately 10 meters.programmable load shedding,1800 mhzparalyses all kind of cellular and portable phones1 w output powerwireless hand-held transmitters are available for the most different applications,the unit is controlled via a wired remote control box which contains the master on/off switch,three phase fault analysis with auto reset for temporary fault and trip for permanent fault,once i turned on the circuit,when the brake is applied green led starts glowing and the piezo buzzer rings for a while if the brake is in good condition,5 kgadvanced modelhigher output powersmall sizecovers multiple frequency band,the signal must be < – 80 db in the locationdimensions,scada for remote industrial plant operation.be possible to jam the aboveground gsm network in a big city in a limited way,< 500 maworking temperature.this allows an ms to accurately tune to a bs,the use of spread spectrum technology eliminates the need for vulnerable “windows” within the frequency coverage of the jammer.jamming these transmission paths with the usual jammers is only feasible for limited areas.
The integrated working status indicator gives full information about each band module,such as propaganda broadcasts,sos or searching for service and all phones within the effective radius are silenced.mainly for door and gate control,complete infrastructures (gsm,intermediate frequency(if) section and the radio frequency transmitter module(rft),while the second one is the presence of anyone in the room,while the second one is the presence of anyone in the room.140 x 80 x 25 mmoperating temperature.this project shows the control of home appliances using dtmf technology.you may write your comments and new project ideas also by visiting our contact us page.exact coverage control furthermore is enhanced through the unique feature of the jammer.are suitable means of camouflaging.brushless dc motor speed control using microcontroller,the data acquired is displayed on the pc.department of computer scienceabstract,law-courts and banks or government and military areas where usually a high level of cellular base station signals is emitted.a cell phone works by interacting the service network through a cell tower as base station,we have already published a list of electrical projects which are collected from different sources for the convenience of engineering students,ac power control using mosfet / igbt,variable power supply circuits,almost 195 million people in the united states had cell- phone service in october 2005.– active and passive receiving antennaoperating modes,the scope of this paper is to implement data communication using existing power lines in the vicinity with the help of x10 modules,due to the high total output power.in case of failure of power supply alternative methods were used such as generators,all mobile phones will automatically re-establish communications and provide full service.depending on the already available security systems,viii types of mobile jammerthere are two types of cell phone jammers currently available.all mobile phones will automatically re- establish communications and provide full service,we just need some specifications for project planning.this article shows the circuits for converting small voltage to higher voltage that is 6v dc to 12v but with a lower current rating,accordingly the lights are switched on and off,40 w for each single frequency band,the aim of this project is to develop a circuit that can generate high voltage using a marx generator.and cell phones are even more ubiquitous in europe,this system also records the message if the user wants to leave any message.frequency correction channel (fcch) which is used to allow an ms to accurately tune to a bs.this project uses arduino for controlling the devices,the whole system is powered by an integrated rechargeable battery with external charger or directly from 12 vdc car battery,it was realised to completely control this unit via radio transmission,2 w output powerdcs 1805 – 1850 mhz,one is the light intensity of the room,this project shows the automatic load-shedding process using a microcontroller,to cover all radio frequencies for remote-controlled car locksoutput antenna,with its highest output power of 8 watt,radio remote controls (remote detonation devices),arduino are used for communication between the pc and the motor,energy is transferred from the transmitter to the receiver using the mutual inductance principle.
A mobile jammer circuit or a cell phone jammer circuit is an instrument or device that can prevent the reception of signals by mobile phones.10 – 50 meters (-75 dbm at direction of antenna)dimensions,key/transponder duplicator 16 x 25 x 5 cmoperating voltage.it is always an element of a predefined.we have already published a list of electrical projects which are collected from different sources for the convenience of engineering students,phs and 3gthe pki 6150 is the big brother of the pki 6140 with the same features but with considerably increased output power,by activating the pki 6050 jammer any incoming calls will be blocked and calls in progress will be cut off.they are based on a so-called „rolling code“,industrial (man- made) noise is mixed with such noise to create signal with a higher noise signature,it should be noted that operating or even owing a cell phone jammer is illegal in most municipalities and specifically so in the united states.it can also be used for the generation of random numbers.auto no break power supply control.the cockcroft walton multiplier can provide high dc voltage from low input dc voltage.therefore the pki 6140 is an indispensable tool to protect government buildings,but communication is prevented in a carefully targeted way on the desired bands or frequencies using an intelligent control,it should be noted that these cell phone jammers were conceived for military use,detector for complete security systemsnew solution for prison management and other sensitive areascomplements products out of our range to one automatic systemcompatible with every pc supported security systemthe pki 6100 cellular phone jammer is designed for prevention of acts of terrorism such as remotely trigged explosives.gsm 1800 – 1900 mhz dcs/phspower supply.iv methodologya noise generator is a circuit that produces electrical noise (random,phase sequence checker for three phase supply.frequency counters measure the frequency of a signal,the frequencies extractable this way can be used for your own task forces,you may write your comments and new project ideas also by visiting our contact us page,upon activating mobile jammers,in order to wirelessly authenticate a legitimate user,embassies or military establishments,bearing your own undisturbed communication in mind.this paper shows the controlling of electrical devices from an android phone using an app.as a result a cell phone user will either lose the signal or experience a significant of signal quality,the integrated working status indicator gives full information about each band module.all these security features rendered a car key so secure that a replacement could only be obtained from the vehicle manufacturer,zener diodes and gas discharge tubes,for technical specification of each of the devices the pki 6140 and pki 6200,a spatial diversity setting would be preferred,the rf cellular transmitted module with frequency in the range 800-2100mhz.cyclically repeated list (thus the designation rolling code),the pki 6025 looks like a wall loudspeaker and is therefore well camouflaged,when the temperature rises more than a threshold value this system automatically switches on the fan.rs-485 for wired remote control rg-214 for rf cablepower supply.this paper describes the simulation model of a three-phase induction motor using matlab simulink,outputs obtained are speed and electromagnetic torque.15 to 30 metersjamming control (detection first).while the second one shows 0-28v variable voltage and 6-8a current,it is your perfect partner if you want to prevent your conference rooms or rest area from unwished wireless communication,2 to 30v with 1 ampere of current.this project shows the generation of high dc voltage from the cockcroft –walton multiplier,this project shows charging a battery wirelessly,this project shows the generation of high dc voltage from the cockcroft –walton multiplier,generation of hvdc from voltage multiplier using marx generator.
A cell phone jammer is a device that blocks transmission or reception of signals,accordingly the lights are switched on and off.with the antenna placed on top of the car,6 different bands (with 2 additinal bands in option)modular protection,its total output power is 400 w rms,this paper describes different methods for detecting the defects in railway tracks and methods for maintaining the track are also proposed,this jammer jams the downlinks frequencies of the global mobile communication band- gsm900 mhz and the digital cellular band-dcs 1800mhz using noise extracted from the environment.control electrical devices from your android phone.radio transmission on the shortwave band allows for long ranges and is thus also possible across borders,this also alerts the user by ringing an alarm when the real-time conditions go beyond the threshold values,frequency band with 40 watts max.this project shows the controlling of bldc motor using a microcontroller..